什么是三次方程式判別式計算機?
- 判別式 (Δ) は、三次方程式の解の挙動を決定する数値です。
- 解が実数か、重解か、あるいは共役複素数かを示します。
- 判別式の公式: Δ = 18abcd - 4b³d + b²c² - 4ac³ - 27a²d²
実根および複素根を備えた専用の三次方程式ソルバー、Cardano メソッドのステップ、三次グラフ作成、および実際の例。
三次方程式判別式計算機
上に多項式係数を入力し、「判別式の計算」をクリックして結果を表示します。The discriminant of a cubic equation is a single numerical value, denoted Δ, that instantly reveals the nature of all three roots without solving the equation. For the general cubic ax³ + bx² + cx + d = 0, the discriminant formula is Δ = 18abcd − 4b³d + b²c² − 4ac³ − 27a²d². This expression encodes the geometric relationship between the curve and the x-axis.
When Δ > 0, the cubic has three distinct real roots — the curve crosses the x-axis at three separate points. When Δ = 0, at least two roots coincide, meaning the curve is tangent to the x-axis at one or more points. When Δ < 0, there is exactly one real root and a pair of complex conjugate roots — the curve crosses the x-axis only once.
The discriminant serves as a classification gateway in algebra and engineering. Before investing effort into solving, you can determine whether to expect real or complex solutions. This is especially valuable in structural analysis, control systems, and optimization problems where the nature of roots determines system stability.
Determine whether a control system has oscillatory (complex) or overdamped (real) behavior based on its characteristic cubic equation.
Predict phase transitions modeled by cubic free-energy equations — the discriminant reveals whether single or multiple phases coexist.
Assess whether profit models have multiple break-even points or a single crossing, guiding pricing strategy decisions.
The discriminant formula is long. Omitting the last term is common and leads to incorrect root-type classification.
The quadratic discriminant b²−4ac is simpler. Don't accidentally use it for cubics — they require the full 5-term expression.
For quadratics, Δ>0 means 2 real roots. For cubics, Δ>0 means 3 real roots. Keep the conventions straight.
| Formula | Δ = 18abcd − 4b³d + b²c² − 4ac³ − 27a²d² |
| Δ > 0 | Three distinct real roots |
| Δ = 0 | At least two equal real roots |
| Δ < 0 | One real root, two complex conjugate roots |
| Input | Coefficients a, b, c, d |
| Output | Discriminant value + root classification |
いいえ、それは存在するルートの *タイプ* を示すだけです。正確な値を見つけるには専用のソルバーが必要です。
に 0 を入力するだけです。<span class="font-mono text-primary-700 bg-primary-50 px-1 rounded">b</span>係数。計算機は欠落している項を簡単に処理します。
はい、判別式が 0 の場合は、曲線が X 軸にちょうど接触し、(複数の) 根が繰り返されることを意味します。
正の判別式 (Δ > 0) は、3次方程式に 3 つの異なる実根があることを意味します。
負の判別式 (Δ < 0) は、3 次方程式に 1 つの実根と 2 つの複素共役根があることを意味します。